Microbiology & Infectious Diseases — UPSC CMS MCQs (Medicine)

Question 1

Cryptococcal infection is acquired through:

Accepted Answer

A. Inhalation route

Answer

Bite of Culex mosquito

Answer

Direct skin contact

Answer

Ingestion of spores

Question 2

Echinocandins are a class of:

Accepted Answer

D. Antifungal agents

Answer

Antiviral agents

Answer

Antiparasitic agents

Answer

Antitubercular agents

Question 3

Consider the following statements with regard to Amphotericin B:
1. It is a narrow spectrum antifungal agent.
2. It can cause nephrotoxicity.
3. It lacks an oral preparation.
4. Its lipid formulations are less toxic.
Select the correct answer using the code:

Accepted Answer

B. 2, 3 and 4

Answer

2 and 3 only

Answer

1, 3 and 4

Answer

2 and 4 only

Question 4

Which one of the following molds causes mucormycosis, commonly known as ‘black fungus’?

Accepted Answer

A. Rhizopus

Answer

Aspergillus

Answer

Candida

Answer

Histoplasma

Question 5

Which of the following opportunistic systemic mycoses is characterized by rapid development of severe tissue necrosis and emerged as a specific complication associated with COVID-19 infection in India?

Accepted Answer

B. Mucormycosis

Answer

Histoplasmosis

Answer

Coccidioidomycosis

Answer

Sporotrichosis

Question 6

Which of the following fungal infections is caused by dermal inoculation of the fungal agent, usually from a thorn?

Accepted Answer

D. Sporotrichosis

Answer

Mycetoma

Answer

Aspergillosis

Answer

Mucormycosis

Question 7

Consider the following statements with regard to coccidioidomycosis:
1. It is a primary systemic mycosis caused by dimorphic fungi Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii.
2. Primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis presents with cough, fever, chest pain, and arthritis.
3. Progressive pulmonary coccidioidomycosis presents with constitutional symptoms and features of lobar pneumonia.
4. Coccidioides meningitis is a mild disease, not warranting any treatment.
Select the correct answer using the code:

Accepted Answer

A. 1, 2 and 3

Answer

1, 2 and 4

Answer

1, 3 and 4

Answer

2, 3 and 4

Question 8

A 56-year-old gardener presents with an ulcerative nodule with purulent discharge on his right index finger. He had a prick with a thorn at the same site around a month back. Which one of the following infections is most likely?

Accepted Answer

D. Sporotrichosis

Answer

Chromoblastomycosis

Answer

Mycetoma

Answer

Phaeohyphomycosis

Question 9

Which one of the following is NOT appropriate treatment for Echinococcus granulosus and hydatid disease?

Accepted Answer

B. Diethylcarbamazine 2 mg/kg thrice a day for 12 days

Answer

Albendazole 400 mg twice a day for 3 months

Answer

PAIR (percutaneous puncture, aspiration, injection of scolicide, re-aspiration)

Answer

Praziquantel (20 mg/kg twice daily for 14 days)

Question 10

Pulmonary stage is seen in which of the following infections?
1. Ascaris lumbricoides
2. Strongyloides stercoralis
3. Onchocerca volvulus
Select the correct answer using the code:

Accepted Answer

A. 1 and 2 only

Answer

2 and 3 only

Answer

1 and 3 only

Answer

1, 2 and 3

Question 11

Consider the following statements with regard to cysticercosis:
1. It may present as a personality change.
2. Subcutaneous nodule may be excised for histology.
3. Cerebral signs commonly do not occur until the larvae die, 5–20 years later.
4. Praziquantel can be given for 10 days.
Select the correct answer using the code:

Accepted Answer

D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer

1 and 4 only

Answer

2 and 3 only

Answer

1, 2 and 3 only

Question 12

Consider the following statements with regard to strongyloidiasis:
1. It parasitizes the mucosa of the upper part of the small intestine.
2. Larva currens is a fast-moving transient rash seen across the abdomen and buttocks.
3. Ivermectin is not an effective treatment.
4. Systemic strongyloidiasis is seen in the immunocompetent state.
Select the correct answer using the code:

Accepted Answer

A. 1 and 2

Answer

2 and 3 only

Answer

2, 3 and 4

Answer

1 and 4

Question 13

Consider the following statements with regard to cutaneous larva migrans:
1. It is one of the commonest linear lesions seen in travelers.
2. It may be associated with a recent visit to a beach.
3. It is non-pruritic.
4. Track moves across the skin at a rate of 2-3 cm/day.
Select the correct answer using the code:

Accepted Answer

C. 1, 2 and 4

Answer

1, 2 and 3

Answer

1, 3 and 4

Answer

2, 3 and 4

Question 14

Which one of the following is the drug of choice for the treatment of schistosomiasis?

Accepted Answer

B. Praziquantel

Answer

Doxycycline

Answer

Albendazole

Answer

Ivermectin

Question 15

Which among the following is the first intermediate host for the parasitic fluke Clonorchis sinensis?

Accepted Answer

B. Snail

Answer

Dog

Answer

Encysts on vegetation

Answer

Sheep

Question 16

Which among the following are hepatobiliary flukes (trematodes)?
1. Clonorchis sinensis
2. Mansonella perstans
3. Fasciola hepatica
4. Opisthorchis felineus
Select the correct answer using the code:

Accepted Answer

C. 1, 3 and 4

Answer

1, 2 and 3

Answer

1, 2 and 4

Answer

2, 3 and 4

Question 17

Which among the following parasitic helminths is a nematode and has zoonotic transmission?

Accepted Answer

B. Trichinella spiralis

Answer

Taenia saginata

Answer

Fasciola hepatica

Answer

Fasciolopsis buski

Question 18

The GeneXpert test used for MTB detection has the additional advantage of detection of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

B. Rifampicin resistance

Answer

INH resistance

Answer

Multi drug resistance

Answer

Ethambutol resistance

Question 19

Recommended first-line drugs for initial treatment of tuberculosis include all EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

D. Ethionamide

Answer

Isoniazid

Answer

Rifampin

Answer

Ethambutol

Question 20

The most frequent adverse reaction of significance among people treated for drug-susceptible tuberculosis is:

Accepted Answer

B. Hepatitis

Answer

Colitis

Answer

Cystitis

Answer

Enteritis

Question 21

All adult patients in whom anti-tubercular treatment is being started should undergo baseline assessment of:

Accepted Answer

B. Liver function test

Answer

Complete blood count

Answer

Lipid profile

Answer

Pulmonary function Test

Question 22

The extrapulmonary sites most commonly involved in tuberculosis are all EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

D. Skull TB

Answer

Lymph node TB

Answer

Genitourinary TB

Answer

Skeletal TB

Question 23

All of the following are true about Bedaquiline (BDQ) EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

B. It is a bacteriostatic drug

Answer

It specifically targets mycobacterial ATP synthase

Answer

It has extended half-life

Answer

It has high volume of tissue distribution

Question 24

Which one of the following statements is correct regarding leprosy?

Accepted Answer

B. Type 2 Leprosy Reaction is an immune complex mediated syndrome called Arthus phenomenon

Answer

Type 1 Leprosy Reaction is also called erythema nodosum leprosum

Answer

‘Lion face’ appearance is seen in tuberculoid leprosy

Answer

Nose is the last site of involvement in lepromatous leprosy

Q1. Cryptococcal infection is acquired through:

Q2. Echinocandins are a class of:

Q3. Consider the following statements with regard to Amphotericin B: 1. It is a narrow spectrum antifungal agent. 2. It can cause nephrotoxicity. 3. It lacks an oral preparation. 4. Its lipid formulations are less toxic. Select the correct answer using the code:

Q4. Which one of the following molds causes mucormycosis, commonly known as ‘black fungus’?

Q5. Which of the following opportunistic systemic mycoses is characterized by rapid development of severe tissue necrosis and emerged as a specific complication associated with COVID-19 infection in India?

Q6. Which of the following fungal infections is caused by dermal inoculation of the fungal agent, usually from a thorn?

Q8. A 56-year-old gardener presents with an ulcerative nodule with purulent discharge on his right index finger. He had a prick with a thorn at the same site around a month back. Which one of the following infections is most likely?

Q9. Which one of the following is NOT appropriate treatment for Echinococcus granulosus and hydatid disease?

Q10. Pulmonary stage is seen in which of the following infections? 1. Ascaris lumbricoides 2. Strongyloides stercoralis 3. Onchocerca volvulus Select the correct answer using the code:

Q14. Which one of the following is the drug of choice for the treatment of schistosomiasis?

Q15. Which among the following is the first intermediate host for the parasitic fluke Clonorchis sinensis?

Q16. Which among the following are hepatobiliary flukes (trematodes)? 1. Clonorchis sinensis 2. Mansonella perstans 3. Fasciola hepatica 4. Opisthorchis felineus Select the correct answer using the code:

Q17. Which among the following parasitic helminths is a nematode and has zoonotic transmission?

Q18. The GeneXpert test used for MTB detection has the additional advantage of detection of which of the following?

Q19. Recommended first-line drugs for initial treatment of tuberculosis include all EXCEPT:

Q20. The most frequent adverse reaction of significance among people treated for drug-susceptible tuberculosis is:

Q21. All adult patients in whom anti-tubercular treatment is being started should undergo baseline assessment of:

Q22. The extrapulmonary sites most commonly involved in tuberculosis are all EXCEPT:

Q23. All of the following are true about Bedaquiline (BDQ) EXCEPT:

Q24. Which one of the following statements is correct regarding leprosy?